CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH examinations / PROFICIENCY EXAM / CPE / USE OF ENGLISH / word formation
For questions 1- 8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
Wildlife Trade
The sale and (1) ... by people of wild animal and plant resources - more simply 'wildlife trade' - is an issue at the very heart of the relationship between biodiversity conservation and (2) ... development. Directly and indirectly, increasing demand and consumption are depleting the Earth's living natural resources at alarming rate. Although only one of a range of forces capable of driving this depletion, wildlife trade is related
to some of the most important (3) ... causes of biodiversity loss. Widespread poverty and (4) ... drive people to adopt ways of life that degrade the environment upon which they depend such that (5) ... cannot be maintained. At the same time, wealth often fuels consumption patterns that undervalue and drive the (6) ... and depletion of natural resources. Linking the worlds of poverty and wealth, is an increasingly (7) ... global (8) ... system based on development and resource-use models that many believed to be flawed.
[start-answers-block type=1 columns=2 textTransform=none]
[answer="EXCHANGE" label="CHANGE"]
[answer="SUSTAINABLE" label="SUSTAIN"]
[answer="UNDERLYING" label="LIE"]
[answer="INSECURITY" label="SECURE"]
[answer="LIVELIHOODS" label="LIVE"]
[answer="OVEREXPLOITATION" label="EXPLOIT"]
[answer="LIBERALIZED" label="LIBERAL"]
[answer="ECONOMIC" label="ECONOMY"]
[end-answers-block]
ANSWER KEYS
| VERB TO NOUN | CHANGE => EXCHANGE |
| PREFIX (EX-) (in nouns) - a prefix meaning "out of," "from," and hence "utterly," "thoroughly," and sometimes meaning "not" or "without" or indicating a former title, status, etc.: EXTERRITORIAL, EXTERIOR |
| VERB TO ADJECTIVE | SUSTAIN + SUSTAINABLE |
| SUFFIX (-ABLE) (in adjectives) - having the quality of: COMFORTABLE, FASHIONABLE |
| VERB TO ADJECTIVE | LIE => UNDERLYING |
| PREFIX (UNDER-) (in nouns, verbs and adjectives) - as to indicate place or situation below or beneath: UNDERTOW, UNDERCOVER + SUFFIX (-ING) |
| VERB TO NOUN | SECURE => INSECURITY |
| PREFIX (IN-) (in adjectives, adverbs and nouns) - not; the opposite of: INFINITE, INFLAME + SUFFIX (-ITY) (in nouns) - the quality or state of: PURITY, ODDITY |
| VERB TO NOUN | LIVE => LIVELIHOODS |
| SUFFIX (-HOOD) (in nouns) - the state or quality of: CHILDHOOD, FALSEHOOD |
| VERB TO NOUN | EXPLOIT => OVEREXPLOITATION |
| PREFIX (OVER-) (in adjectives, adverbs and nouns) - more than usual; too much: OVERLOAD, OVERPRODUCTION + SUFFIX (-ATION) (in nouns) - the action or state of: HESITATION, MEDITATION |
| ADJECTIVE TO VERB | LIBERAL => LIBERALIZED |
| SUFFIX (-ISE) (in verbs) - to speak, think, act, treat, etc. in the way mentioned: CRITICISE, DEPUTISE |
| NOUN TO ADJECTIVE | ECONOMY => ECONOMIC |
| SUFFIX (-IC) (in adjectives and nouns) - connected with: SCENIC, ARABIC |