МГИМО ДВИ Английский язык
задание 1
Выберите слово, наиболее точно подходящее по смыслу
Thomas Alva Edison did not invent the modern world. He was, however, present at his creation. He became a significant figure in the organization and growth of American national markets, communications and power systems, and entertainment industries. Today, his name still [substitutes/*stands/means/bears] ___ for inventive creativity and his electric bulb is a well-known symbol for a bright idea, beloved by cartoonists and advertisers. His list of 1,093 U.S. patents remains [untouched/*unchallenged/uncapped/inclaimed] ___ by any other inventor.
What made Edison so extraordinary successful? He was by any reckoning a brilliant inventor, but there were many other fine, clever [*contemporary/contemptuous/contemplative/considerate] ___ inventors, now mostly forgotten. Edison, [surprised/attacked/*surpassed/appreciated] ___ them all in the breadth of his accomplishments and broadened the notion of invention. His [sight/visibility/look/*vision] ___ encompassed what the 20th century would call innovation - invention, research, development, and commercialization.
Moreover, he combined a phenomenal creativity with a smart sense of the emerging inflence of the popular press, and therein [holds/*lies/has/lays] ___ the key to his historical height.
One can see the foundation for his success in his youth and early career. Laterin life he would spin stories of mischief and misadventure, but the evidence [shows/ascribes/*points/appoints]. ___ to a curious boy in an intellectually stimulating environment.
Known as Al (short for Alva) in his youth, his first work was helping in the family garden. But as "hoeing corn ina hot sun is unattractive," he found other work when the opportunity [*arose/raised/rose/aroused] ___ . In late 1859 the Grand Trunk Railroad was extended through Port Huron to Detroit, and Edison got a job with Grand Trunk as a "candy butcher," selling sweets, newspapers, and magazines. In that position he soon showed an entrepreneurial talent. He [made/told/*employed/exploited] ___ boys to sell vegetables and magazines in Port Huron and wrote, printed, and sold a newspaper on the train. The Civil War was [lasting/going/*raging/ranging] ___ , and when the battle of Shiloh was reported in the Detroit Free Press, Edison [*talked/told/poke/said]. ___ the editor into giving him extra copies on credit and then had the headlines telegraphed ahead to the train's scheduled stops. The crowds were so large and the [decrease/*demand/respect/research]. ___ for the papers so great that he steadily increased the price at each station, selling all the papers at a handsome [rate/income/speed/*profit] ___ . It is clear that young Al had already learned valuable lessons about the power of the telegraph and the press.
[answer-table]