CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH / ADVANCED / CAE / USE OF ENGLISH / Multiple Choice Cloze

For questions 1- 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

 

dangerous stimulants


Under ... [normal/any/no/such]  circumstances, the brain releases and absorbs neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in ... [response/lieu/addition/advance]  to external signals and circumstances. Cocaine, ...[however/whatever/besides/though] , is a stimulant that temporarily blocks the brain’s ability to reabsorb the transmitters once they are released. As a ... [result/rule/matter/whole] , the transmitters accumulate in the synapses between nerve endings. Accumulated norepinephrine and serotonin arouse the body’s adrenal system, while accumulated dopamine prolongs the transmission of signals between sending and receiving nerves. Adrenal activation... [results in/brings in/takes on/goes by]   heightened awareness, energy, and similar sensations, while prolonged nerve stimulation causes euphoria and mood elevation that are linked to the dopamine transmitter. The high, which develops in five to fifteen minutes in the case of powder cocaine and eight to twelve seconds in the case of crack, gradually ... [tapers off/dies off/wears down/brings out]  as the supply of transmitters is reabsorbed. ... [Unlike/Undeniably/Undoubtedly/Unfortunately]  heroin, cocaine is not physically addicting.  ... [That/What/Why/This]  is, people who cease cocaine use do not suffer from withdrawal symptoms such as “the shakes”, nausea, and other physical symptoms.

[answer-table]

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWER KEYS

 

1)    NORMAL
IDIOM UNDER NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Normally; usually; typically:
Under normal circumstances you'd be able to return to work in a week," explained the doctor.
 
2)    RESPONSE
PHRASE IN RESPONSE TO
Something that is done as a reaction to something that has happened or been said:
The law was passed in response to public pressure.
 
3)    HOWEVER
ADVERB HOWEVER
Used to introduce a statement that contrasts with something that has just been said:
He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 
 
4)    RESULT
IDIOM AS A RESULT
A thing that is caused or produced because of something else:
He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
 
5)    RESULTS IN
PHRASAL VERB RESULT IN
To make something happen:
The tornado has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
 
6)    TAPERS OFF
PHRASAL VERB TAPER OFF
To decrease gradually: 
The number of applicants for teaching posts has tapered off.
 
7)    UNLIKE
PREPOSITION UNLIKE
Used when saying how one person or thing is different from another:
Unlike most systems, this one is very easy to install.
 
8)    THAT
PHRASE THAT IS
Used to say what something means or to give more information:
One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.