CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH / ADVANCED / CAE / USE OF ENGLISH / Key word transformations

For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given.

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1. [first=" She had four daughters. The youngest of them was her favourite." word="APPLE" beginning="She had four daughters. The youngest " answer="of whom was the apple of" ending=" her eye."]

2. [first=" It was raining heavily, so I didn't go to the park at all." word="FOR" beginning="If it " answer="hadn't been fot the heavy#had not been for the heavy" ending=" rain, I would have gone to the park."]

3. [first=" Everybody knows that the president mostly tells lies." word="KNOWLEDGE" beginning="It is " answer="common knowledge that#public knowledge that" ending=" the president mostly tells lies."]

4. [first=" The pilot refused to endanger the safety of the passengers of the plane." word="PUT" beginning="The pilot refused to " answer="put at risk" ending=" the safety of the passengers of the plane."]

5. [first=" I wish I had studied more for the exam." word="LIKED" beginning="I " answer="would have liked to have studied" ending=" more for the exam."]

6. [first=" She informed the police because she assumed he was guilty of robbery." word="ASSUMPTION" beginning="She informed the police " answer="on the assumption that" ending=" he was guilty of robbery."]

[end-answers-block]

ANSWER KEYS

1) OF WHOM WAS THE APPLE OF

RELATIVE PRONOUN + IDIOM

THE APPLE OF SOMEBODY'S EYE

A person or thing that is loved more than any other:
Of course she loves all her daughters, but Sandra is the apple of her eye.

2) HADN'T BEEN FOR THE HEAVY/HAD NOT BEEN FOR THE HEAVY

PHRASE

IF IT HADN'T BEEN FOR + NOUN

This expression has the meaning of "without". It is used in the third conditionals, in formal language and must be followed by a noun form:
If it hadn't been for the accident, I would've been on time.

3) COMMON KNOWLEDGE THAT/PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE THAT

IDIOM

BE COMMON/PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE

To be something that everyone knows, especially in a particular community or group:
It's common knowledge that dreams reflect our subconscious thoughts and feelings.

4) PUT AT RISK

IDIOM

PUT AT RISK

In danger of something unpleasant or harmful happening:
Sick patients were put at risk by the State's failure to hold Tallaght Hospital to account, the health watchdog has found.

5) WOULD HAVE LIKED TO HAVE STUDIED

WOULD HAVE LIKED + THE PERFECT INFINITIVE

WOULD HAVE LIKED TO + HAVE + III FORM

Used to say that you wanted something or wanted to do something in the past:
She would have liked to have noticed all the mistakes before.

6) ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT

PHRASE

ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT

Something that you think is true although you have no definite proof:
This entire argument is based on the assumption that it was the Passover meal, which it could not have been.