CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH examinations / PROFICIENCY EXAM / CPE / USE OF ENGLISH / word formation
For questions 1- 8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
Technology
The twentieth century witnessed a (1) ... change in the relationship between science and society. In World War I scientists were conscripted and died in the trenches. In World War II they were exempted as national treasures and committed to (2) ..., and they rallied behind their country's war effort. The explanation of the change is not hard to find - governments came to believe that (3) ... research can produce practical improvements in industry, agriculture, and medicine. The belief was firmly (4) ... by developments such as the discovery of antibiotics and the (5) ... of nuclear physics to the production of atomic weapons. Science became so identified with practical benefits that the dependence of technology on science is (6) ... assumed to be a (7) ... relationship and a single enterprise. Science and technology, research and development these are assumed to be almost (8) ... twins. These rank among the sacred phrases of our time. The belief in the coupling of science and technology is now petrified in the dictionary definition of technology as applied science.
[start-answers-block type=1 columns=2 textTransform=none]
[answer="MOMENTOUS" label="MOMENT"]
[answer="SECRECY" label="SECRET"]
[answer="THEORETICAL" label="THEORY"]
[answer="REINFORCED" label="FORCE"]
[answer="APPLICATION" label="APPLY"]
[answer="COMMONLY" label="COMMON"]
[answer="TIMELESS" label="TIME"]
[answer="INSEPARABLE" label="SEPARATE"]
[end-answers-block]
ANSWER KEYS
| NOUN TO ADJECTIVE | MOMENT => MOMENTOUS |
| SUFFIX (-OUS) (in adjectives) - having the nature or quality of: POISONOUS, DANGEROUS |
| ADJECTIVE TO NOUN | SECRET => SECRECY |
| SUFFIX (-CY) (in nouns) - the state or quality of: INFANCY, VACANCY |
| NOUN TO ADJECTIVE | THEORY => THEORETICAL |
| SUFFIX (-ICAL) (in adjectives) - connected with: ECONOMICAL, COMICAL |
| NOUN TO VERB | FORCE => REINFORCED |
| PREFIX (RE-) + INFORCE - variant of ENFORCE + SUFFIX (ED) - to give more force or effectiveness, to strengthen |
| VERB TO NOUN | APPLY => APPLICATION |
| SUFFIX (-ION) (in nouns) - the action or state of: CONFESSION, COMPETITION |
| ADJECTIVE TO ADVERB | COMMON => COMMONLY |
| SUFFIX (-LY) (in adverbs and adjectives) - like a particular thing in manner, appearance, or nature: MOTHERLY, FATHERLY |
| NOUN TO ADJECTIVE | TIME => TIMELESS |
| SUFFIX (-LESS) (in adjectives) - without, not doing; not affected by: CARELESS, TASTELESS |
| VERB TO NEGATIVE ADJECTIVE | SEPARATE => INSEPARABLE |
| PREFIX (IN-) (in adverbs, nouns and adjectives) - the opposite of, not: + SUFFIX (-ABLE) (in adjectives) - having the quality of: INCAPABLE, INADVISABLE |