CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH examinations / PROFICIENCY EXAM / CPE / USE OF ENGLISH / word formation

For questions 1- 8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.


First Flights

The idea of flight is nearly as old as human imagination. Inspired by birds and religion, (1) ... every epoch of recorded human history includes references to flight in its art, history, music, and literature. The ancient Egyptians (2) ... winged gods, the Greeks (3) ... the legend of Icarus's risky business, and formidable Teutonic maidens celebrated the ride of the Valkyries in song. Despite all of that, ancient civilizations left almost no credible records of attempts to actually achieve mechanical powered flight. The (4) ... are few and far between . In about 400 B.C. , the misty (5) ... figure of Archytas of Tarantum may have built and flown a wooden dove powered by a steam jet. Armin Firmen, an Arab savant, actually attempted a flight at Cordoba, Spain, in 852. Four centuries later, Roger Bacon, an English Franciscan friar, made vague (6) ... in his writings to an ornithopter, a man-powered machine that duplicated the flapping motion of birds. However, since human muscles are not strong enough to (7) ... a man to fly, that contraption was doomed to failure. Others, who replicated his machine in one form or another, achieved equally (8) ... results.

[start-answers-block type=1 columns=2 textTransform=none]

[answer="VIRTUALLY" label="VIRTUE"]

[answer="WORSHIPPED" label="WORTH"]

[answer="RECOUNTED" label="COUNT"]

[answer="EXCEPTIONS" label="EXCEPT"]

[answer="HISTORICAL" label="HISTORY"]

[answer="REFERENCES" label="REFER"]

[answer="ENABLE" label="ABLE"]

[answer="UNSATISFACTORY" label="SATISFY"]

[end-answers-block]

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWER KEYS

 

1)    VIRTUALLY
NOUN TO ADVERB VIRTUE => VIRTUALLY
SUFFIX (-LY) (in adverbs and adjectives) - like a particular thing in manner, appearance, or nature: MOTHERLY, FATHERLY

 
2)    WORSHIPPED
NOUN TO VERB WORTH => WORSHIPPED
SUFFIX (-SHIP) + ED - to show respect for God or a god, especially by saying prayers, singing, etc

 
3)    RECOUNTED
NOUN TO VERB COUNT => RECOUNTED
PREFIX (RE-) (in adverbs, nouns, verbs and adjectives) - again, again in a better way, back to a former state: REDO, REUNITE

 
4)    EXCEPTIONS
VERB TO NOUN EXCEPT => EXCEPTIONS
SUFFIX (-ION) (in nouns) - the action or state of: CONFESSION, COMPETITION

 
5)    HISTORICAL
NOUN TO ADJECTIVE HISTORY => HISTORICAL
SUFFIX (-ICAL) (in adjectives) - connected with: COMICAL, CHEMICAL

 
6)    REFERENCES
VERB TO NOUN REFER => REFERENCES
SUFFIX (-ENCE) (in nouns) - the action or state of: EXISTENCE, CONFIDENCE

 
7)    ENABLE
ADJECTIVE TO VERB ABLE => ENABLE
PREFIX (EN-) (in verbs) - to put into the thing or condition mentioned, to cause to be: ENCASE, ENLARGE

 
8)    UNSATISFACTORY
VERB TO NEGATIVE ADJECTIVE SATISFY => UNSATISFACTORY
PREFIX (UN-) (in nouns, adjectives and adverbs) - not; the opposite of: UNTRUE + SUFFIX (-ORY) (in adjectives) - involving the action concerned: EXPLANATORY